The treatment of infarction involves the use of medications, thrombolysis or surgery, to improve blood circulation to the heart, and should be started as soon as possible as the symptoms arise.
Infarction, or heart attack, can be identified through symptoms such as strong chest pain, overall discomfort and a sense of shortness of breath, for example.
Also read: 10 symptoms of infarction (and when to go to the doctor)
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The treatment of the infarction is done by the emergency doctor or cardiologist, at the hospital, where fast measures are adopted and monitoring, to avoid complications and severe sequelae, which can endanger life.
10 treatments after infarction
The main treatments after the infarction are:
1. Use of medicines
The use of infarction drugs is started immediately when the person arrives at the hospital to improve blood circulation to the heart and relieve symptoms.
The main drugs for infarction are:
- Platelet antiagregrants, such as acetylsalicylic acid (AAS) or clopidogrel;
- Anticoagulants, such as heparin;
- Painkillers, like morphine;
- Nitrates, such as nitroglycerin.
Other medications, such as antihypertensive, may also be indicated to reduce heart effort to pump blood or if the pressure is too low can be administered norepinephrine, for example.
After initial treatment, anticoagulant, antihypertensive drugs and to control cholesterol, may be recommended for a period of several months or years, according to the cardiologist’s indication.
2. Oxygen therapy
Oxygen therapy consists of providing oxygen through the nasal catheter and is also initiated in cases of low blood oxygenation.
This type of treatment allows you to increase blood oxygen levels, reducing heart effort to provide oxygen to tissues.
In some cases, it may be necessary to use the oxygen mask or even use mechanical ventilation.
Also read: Mechanical ventilation: what it is, what it is for, types and risks
tuasaude.com/ventilacao-mecanica
3. Thrombolític therapy
Trombolytic therapy for infarction, or thrombolysis, can be indicated by the doctor within 12 hours of onset of symptoms.
This type of treatment consists of the use of vein medications, such as alteplase and tenecteplase, to dissolve the clot that is obstructing coronary and thus improving blood circulation to the heart.
Also read: Alteplase: What is it for and how to use
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4. Cardiac catheterization
Cardiac catheterization is a medical procedure for heart attack that serves to visualize the presence of clots or thrombi inside the coronary arteries of the heart.
This procedure is done by introducing a catheter into an artery in the groin or arm until it reaches the heart. See how cardiac catheterization is done.
If the doctor views any obstruction in the coronary, another procedure may be performed, angioplasty.
5. Angioplasty
Angioplasty is a medical procedure for heart attack by the cardiologist to clear the coronary arteries and normalize blood circulation to the heart.
If necessary, during angioplasty a stent, which is a device that helps keep the coronary open and prevent it from closing again.
Also read: Angioplasty with stent: what it is, risks and how it is done
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6. Revascularization surgery
In some cases, revascularization surgery may be required, such as the saphenous bridge, which may be indicated when angioplasty is not sufficient to improve circulation or in case of severe coronary obstructions.
In the case of the saphenous bridge, the surgery consists of removing a piece of the vein vein, located in the leg, to replace the obstructed part of the coronary of the heart, making blood flow to the organ possible.
Also read: Safena Bridge: What is it, what it is for, how it is done and recovery
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7. Physiotherapy after infarction
Physiotherapeutic treatment after infarction, when indicated, is usually started at the hospital, after the liberation of the cardiologist.
This type of heart attack treatment may involve:
- Breathing exercises to strengthen the lungs;
- Muscle stretches;
- Climb and go down stairs;
- Exercises to improve body conditioning.
The intensity of the exercises varies according to the rehab phase that the person is.
However, initially 5 to 10 minutes of exercise can be recommended 2 times a day, evolving until the person can perform 1 hour of exercise a day, which usually happens about 6 months after infarction.
8. Changes in Life Habits
Changes in the afterlife habits include stopping smoking, losing weight and adopting a healthy diet.
These measures help reduce heart effort, improve blood pumping, and avoid another heart attack.
Also read: 7 Essential habits to avoid infarction and stroke
tuasaude.com/7-dicas-para-diminuir-o-risco-de-doencas-cardiovasculares
In addition, it is important to practice physical activities regularly as long as it is released by the cardiologist.
9. Care after infarction
After infarction, it is important to gradually return to daily tasks and can perform activities such as driving and returning to work after medical authorization.
Moreover, it is important to remember that it is allowed to have intimate relationships normally, because the physical effort of this activity does not increase the risk of having a new heart attack.
10. Regular medical follow -up
Regular medical follow -up with the cardiologist is critical after heart attack to evaluate heart health.
In this follow -up, the doctor should request blood tests, perform blood pressure and electrocardiogram (ECG).
Thus, it is possible to evaluate the efficacy of treatment with medicines and changes in life habits, in order to avoid complications after infarction or even the risk of another heart attack.
Does infarction have a cure?
Infarction cannot be healed, however, with proper treatment it is possible to improve the functioning of the heart and prevent complications such as heart failure, arrhythmias and even new heart attacks.
In addition, adopting measures such as a healthy diet, stopping smoking and performing physical activities regularly are also critical to preventing complications. See more measures to prevent infarction.
Check out what to eat to prevent infarction in the video:
What to eat to avoid infarction
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Source: www.tuasaude.com
